This book connects Schopenhauers philosophy with transcendental idealism by exploring the distinctly Kantian roots of his pessimism. By clearly discerning four types of coming to knowledge, it demonstrates how Schopenhauers epistemology can enlighten this connection with other areas of his philosophyhis metaphysics, ethics and action, philosophy of religion, aesthetics, and asceticism. In each of these areas, a specific sense of pessimism serves to disarm a number of paradoxes and inconsistencies typically associated with Schopenhauers philosophy. Schopenhauer on Knowledge and Pessimism shows how Schopenhauers claim that he is a true successor to Kant can be justified.