§16§With the surprising discovery of superconductivity at temperatures above 100 K, this field was not only brought into the public eye, but also stimulated research in universities, scientific institutions and industry, thus continuing the fascinating development which began with the discovery of the Josephson effect in the sixties. Cryoelectronics has become a special branch of cryophysics and cryotechnics and today plays a prominent role whenever high resolution and precision measurements are required. Motivated by this development, seven years ago scientists working in cryoelectronics in the Federal Republic of Germany felt the necessity for regular meetings allowing a free exchange of ideas and results achieved. Seminars under the title of "Kryoelektronische Bauelemente" were held for the first time at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig in 1982 on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Walther MeiBner, a pioneer in superconductivity. Since th §16§en, meetings have been held every year at different venues in Germany. It is now felt that the status of this field necessitates a review of the results of the past, a description of the current state of the art, and a discussion of future perspectives. This book, entitled SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM ELECTRONICS is a collection of invited lectures and contributions which will inform the reader on the most interesting problems involving fundamentals, sensitive detectors and precision metrology being studied by different groups. §04§I Fundamentals.- Classical Dynamics of Josephson Tunnelling and Its Quantum Limitations.- Modelling of Resistive Networks for Dispersive Tunnel Processes.- Electromagnetic Properties of Superconductors Exact Solution of the Mattis-Bardeen Equations for Bulk Material and Thin Films.- II Sensitive Detectors.- High-Tc Josephson Contacts and Devices.- Biomagnetic Sensors.- Josephson Junction as a Spectral Detector.- Superconducting Tunnel Junctions for Radioastronomical Receivers.- Low-Temperature Scanning Electron Microscopy of Superconducting Thin Films and Tunnel Junctions.- III Precision Metrology.- Josephson Series Array Potentiometer.- Cryogenic Current Comparator Metrology.- Fast SQUID Pseudo Random Generators. §01§Professor Werner Buckel (1920 - 2003) hat in Erlangen und Göttingen studiert und folgte 1960 einem Ruf an die Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe. Dort verblieb er bis zu seiner Emeritierung 1985 mit einer Unterbrechung von drei Jahren, in denen er im Kernforschungszentrum Jülich das Institut für Supraleitung aufbaute. Neben vielen anderen verdienstvollen Tätigkeiten war er Präsident der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft und der European Physical Society sowie Mitglied der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Leibniz-Sozietät Berlin. §02§Professor Werner Buckel (1920 - 2003) became a professor at the Technical University of Karlsruhe, Germany, in 1960 after receiving his PhD at the University of Erlangen. Except for three years which he spent establishing the Institute for Superconductivity at the Research Center in Jülich, Germany, he remained at the Technical University of Karlsruhe until his retirement in 1985. Among other honorary positions, Professor Buckel held the chair of the president of the German Physical Society and the European Physical Society and was a member of the Heidelberg Academy of the Sciences and the Leibnitz Society, Berlin.
